Sialendoscopy

Comprehensive Care for Salivary Gland Disorders

Sialendoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat disorders of the salivary glands. This advanced technique offers a less invasive alternative to traditional surgery, leading to quicker recovery times and fewer complications.

Understanding Salivary Gland Disorders

The salivary glands are essential for producing saliva, which aids in digestion and maintains oral health. Disorders of these glands can lead to symptoms such as pain, swelling, dry mouth, and infections. Common conditions treated with sialendoscopy include salivary stones (sialolithiasis), strictures, and chronic inflammation.

Conditions and Their Management

1. Salivary Stones (Sialolithiasis)

What is it?
Salivary stones are calcified structures that form within the salivary glands, blocking the flow of saliva and causing pain and swelling.

Investigation:

• Ultrasound: Initial imaging to detect the presence of stones.
• Sialography: X-ray imaging with contrast dye to visualize the ducts.
• MRI or CT Scan: Detailed imaging to assess the size and location of stones.

Management:

• Sialendoscopy: Direct visualization and removal of stones using a thin, flexible endoscope.
• Lithotripsy: Fragmentation of larger stones using shock waves.
• Surgical Removal: For stones that cannot be removed endoscopically.

2. Ductal Strictures

What is it?
Strictures are narrowings of the salivary ducts that impede saliva flow, leading to recurrent infections and gland enlargement.

Investigation:

• Sialography: To identify the location and extent of strictures.
• Ultrasound or MRI: Additional imaging to evaluate gland structure.

Management:

• Sialendoscopy: Dilation of strictures and removal of any obstructive material.
• Balloon Dilation: Using a balloon catheter to widen the narrowed ducts.
• Steroid Injections: To reduce inflammation and prevent recurrence.

3. Chronic Inflammation and Infections

What is it?
Chronic inflammation of the salivary glands can result from autoimmune diseases, recurrent infections, or blockages.

Investigation:

• Clinical Examination: Assessment of symptoms and gland swelling.
• Blood Tests: To identify underlying autoimmune conditions.
• Imaging: Ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans to evaluate gland health.

Management:

• Sialendoscopy: To diagnose the cause of inflammation and treat any blockages or strictures.
• Medication: Antibiotics for infections and steroids for inflammation.
• Salivary Gland Massage and Hydration: To encourage saliva flow and reduce symptoms.